Why is data integrity critical in DSAC operations and how is it ensured under Annex F?

• A. Data integrity is optional
• B. Use checksums, digital signatures, access controls to ensure data remains accurate and trustworthy
• C. Data integrity is ensured by data volume
• D. Rely solely on backups for integrity

Answer: (B)

Data integrity in DSAC operations means that information stays accurate, complete, and trustworthy throughout its lifecycle, so decisions and audits are based on reliable data. Annex F directs the use of measures that both detect changes and prevent unauthorized modification, keeping data credible from creation to storage and transmission. Checksums or hash values allow you to verify that data hasn’t been altered in transit or at rest, catching accidental corruption or deliberate tampering. Digital signatures provide authenticity and non-repudiation, proving the data came from a legitimate source and hasn’t been forged since it was signed. Access controls limit who can view or modify data, ensuring only authorized personnel can affect critical information. When these elements work together, they protect the integrity of data used in DSAC operations, maintaining trust in the outputs and records.

Backups, while essential for recovery, don’t by themselves guarantee integrity because they can restore corrupted data or be exploited if tampering occurred before the backup. Likewise, data volume doesn’t determine integrity; large amounts of data can be corrupted just as easily as small amounts, so protection mechanisms are needed rather than relying on quantity.